Quran Verses about Usury (Riba)
Allah permits trade and forbids riba, commands the believers to give up what remains of it, and warns those who keep consuming it. Riba does not increase with Allah, while zakat given for His sake is multiplied. A lender is owed only the capital, and is urged to give a debtor in hardship more time.
The prohibition of riba and its warning
ٱلَّذِينَ يَأۡكُلُونَ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ لَا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ ٱلَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ مِنَ ٱلۡمَسِّۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡبَيۡعُ مِثۡلُ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْۗ وَأَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡبَيۡعَ وَحَرَّمَ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْۚ فَمَن جَآءَهُۥ مَوۡعِظَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ فَٱنتَهَىٰ فَلَهُۥ مَا سَلَفَ وَأَمۡرُهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَنۡ عَادَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ٢٧٥
Al-ladhīna yaʾkulūnar-ribā lā yaqūmūna illā kamā yaqūmul-ladhī yatakhabbaṭuhush-shayṭānu minal-mass, dhālika biʾannahum qālū innamal-bayʿu mithlur-ribā, wa aḥallallāhul-bayʿa wa ḥarramar-ribā, faman jāʾahū mawʿiẓatum mir rabbihī fantahā falahū mā salafa wa amruhū ilallāh, wa man ʿāda fa ulāʾika aṣḥābun-nār, hum fīhā khālidūn.
Those who consume interest1 cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity. That is because they say, "Trade is [just] like interest." But Allāh has permitted trade and has forbidden interest. So whoever has received an admonition from his Lord and desists may have what is past, and his affair rests with Allāh. But whoever returns [to dealing in interest or usury] - those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide eternally therein.
Footnotes (1)
- Included is that given on commercial as well as consumer loans.
يَمۡحَقُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ وَيُرۡبِي ٱلصَّدَقَٰتِۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ أَثِيمٍ ٢٧٦
Yamḥaqullāhur-ribā wa yurbiṣ-ṣadaqāt, wallāhu lā yuḥibbu kulla kaffārin athīm.
Allāh destroys interest and gives increase for charities. And Allāh does not like every sinning disbeliever.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ ٢٧٧
Innal-ladhīna āmanū wa ʿamiluṣ-ṣāliḥāti wa aqāmuṣ-ṣalāta wa ātawuz-zakāta lahum ajruhum ʿinda rabbihim wa lā khawfun ʿalayhim wa lā hum yaḥzanūn.
Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds and establish prayer and give zakāh will have their reward with their Lord, and there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَذَرُواْ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓاْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٢٧٨
Yāʾayyuhal-ladhīna āmanuttaqullāha wadharū mā baqiya minar-ribā in kuntum muʾminīn.
O you who have believed, fear Allāh and give up what remains [due to you] of interest, if you should be believers.
فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُواْ فَأۡذَنُواْ بِحَرۡبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُبۡتُمۡ فَلَكُمۡ رُءُوسُ أَمۡوَٰلِكُمۡ لَا تَظۡلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظۡلَمُونَ ٢٧٩
Fa il lam tafʿalū faʾdhanū biḥarbim minallāhi wa rasūlih, wa in tubtum falakum ruʾūsu amwālikum lā taẓlimūna wa lā tuẓlamūn.
And if you do not, then be informed of a war [against you] from Allāh and His Messenger. But if you repent, you may have your principal - [thus] you do no wrong, nor are you wronged.
وَإِن كَانَ ذُو عُسۡرَةٖ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَىٰ مَيۡسَرَةٖۚ وَأَن تَصَدَّقُواْ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٨٠
Wa in kāna dhū ʿusratin fanaẓiratun ilā maysarah, wa an taṣaddaqū khayrul lakum in kuntum taʿlamūn.
And if someone is in hardship, then [let there be] postponement until [a time of] ease. But if you give [from your right as] charity, then it is better for you, if you only knew.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَأۡكُلُواْ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓاْ أَضۡعَٰفٗا مُّضَٰعَفَةٗۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ١٣٠
Yāʾayyuhal-ladhīna āmanū lā taʾkulur-ribā aḍʿāfam muḍāʿafah, wattaqullāha laʿallakum tufliḥūn.
O you who have believed, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, but fear Allāh that you may be successful.
Riba does not increase with Allah
وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن رِّبٗا لِّيَرۡبُوَاْ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَرۡبُواْ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن زَكَوٰةٖ تُرِيدُونَ وَجۡهَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُضۡعِفُونَ ٣٩
Wa mā ātaytum mir ribal liyarbuwa fī amwālin-nāsi falā yarbū ʿindallāh, wa mā ātaytum min zakātin turīdūna wajhallāhi fa ulāʾika humul-muḍʿifūn.
And whatever you give for interest [i.e., advantage] to increase within the wealth of people1 will not increase with Allāh. But what you give in zakāh,2 desiring the face [i.e., approval] of Allāh - those are the multipliers.3
Footnotes (3)
- The phrase includes several connotations, among them: a) that which is given as usury or interest, b) that which is given on the condition that it be repaid with interest, and c) a gift given with the intention of obtaining from the recipient greater benefit or a larger gift.
- The meaning of ṣadaqah (voluntary charity) is included here.
- Of their blessings on earth and their rewards in the Hereafter.
Riba among an earlier people
فَبِظُلۡمٖ مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ طَيِّبَٰتٍ أُحِلَّتۡ لَهُمۡ وَبِصَدِّهِمۡ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ كَثِيرٗا ١٦٠
Fabiẓulmim minal-ladhīna hādū ḥarramnā ʿalayhim ṭayyibātin uḥillat lahum wabiṣaddihim ʿan sabīlillāhi kathīrā.
For wrongdoing on the part of the Jews, We made unlawful for them [certain] good foods which had been lawful to them, and for their averting from the way of Allāh many [people],
وَأَخۡذِهِمُ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ وَقَدۡ نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَأَكۡلِهِمۡ أَمۡوَٰلَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِۚ وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ مِنۡهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمٗا ١٦١
Wa akhdhihimur-ribā wa qad nuhū ʿanhu wa aklihim amwālan-nāsi bil-bāṭil, wa aʿtadnā lil-kāfirīna minhum ʿadhāban alīmā.
And [for] their taking of usury while they had been forbidden from it, and their consuming of the people's wealth unjustly. And We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment.