Quran Verses about Verifying news

17 ayahs · from 5 surahs

Allah commands the believers to verify news brought by a wrongdoer lest they harm a people unknowingly, forbids following what one has no knowledge of, and rebukes those who spread reports at once instead of referring them to the Messenger and those with knowledge. The story of the slander (ifk) against Aisha teaches thinking well of others, demanding proof, and not passing accusations from mouth to mouth. Accusing the innocent is called a slander and a manifest sin.

The command to verify news

  1. يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَنۡ أَلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَٰمَ لَسۡتَ مُؤۡمِنٗا تَبۡتَغُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَعِندَ ٱللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٞۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبۡلُ فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَتَبَيَّنُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا ٩٤

    Yāʾayyuhal-ladhīna āmanū idhā ḍarabtum fī sabīlillāhi fatabayyanū wa lā taqūlū liman alqā ilaykumus-salāma lasta muʾminan tabtaghūna ʿaraḍal-ḥayātid-dunyā faʿindallāhi maghānimu kathīrah, kadhālika kuntum min qablu famannallāhu ʿalaykum fatabayyanū, innallāha kāna bimā taʿmalūna khabīrā.

    O you who have believed, when you go forth [to fight] in the cause of Allāh, investigate; and do not say to one who gives you [a greeting of] peace, "You are not a believer,"1 aspiring for the goods of worldly life; for with Allāh are many acquisitions. You [yourselves] were like that before; then Allāh conferred His favor [i.e., guidance] upon you, so investigate. Indeed Allāh is ever, of what you do, Aware.

    Footnotes (1)
    1. Do not assume that he pretends Islām merely in order to save himself, for he may be sincere in faith.
  1. وَلَا تَقۡفُ مَا لَيۡسَ لَكَ بِهِۦ عِلۡمٌۚ إِنَّ ٱلسَّمۡعَ وَٱلۡبَصَرَ وَٱلۡفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ كَانَ عَنۡهُ مَسۡـُٔولٗا ٣٦

    Wa lā taqfu mā laysa laka bihī ʿilm, innas-samʿa wal-baṣara wal-fuʾāda kullu ulāʾika kāna ʿanhu masʾūlā.

    And do not pursue1 that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed, the hearing, the sight and the heart - about all those [one] will be questioned.

    Footnotes (1)
    1. i.e., do not assume and do not say.
  1. يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن جَآءَكُمۡ فَاسِقُۢ بِنَبَإٖ فَتَبَيَّنُوٓاْ أَن تُصِيبُواْ قَوۡمَۢا بِجَهَٰلَةٖ فَتُصۡبِحُواْ عَلَىٰ مَا فَعَلۡتُمۡ نَٰدِمِينَ ٦

    Yāʾayyuhal-ladhīna āmanū in jāʾakum fāsiqum binabaʾin fatabayyanū an tuṣībū qawmam bijahālatin fatuṣbiḥū ʿalā mā faʿaltum nādimīn.

    O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information, investigate, lest you harm a people out of ignorance and become, over what you have done, regretful.

Not spreading unverified reports

  1. وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمۡ أَمۡرٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡنِ أَوِ ٱلۡخَوۡفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِۦۖ وَلَوۡ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ وَإِلَىٰٓ أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِنۡهُمۡ لَعَلِمَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡتَنۢبِطُونَهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡۗ وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ لَٱتَّبَعۡتُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا ٨٣

    Wa idhā jāʾahum amrum minal-amni awil-khawfi adhāʿū bih, wa law raddūhu ilar-rasūli wa ilā ulil-amri minhum laʿalimahul-ladhīna yastanbiṭūnahū minhum, wa lawlā faḍlullāhi ʿalaykum wa raḥmatuhū lattabaʿtumush-shayṭāna illā qalīlā.

    And when there comes to them something [i.e., information] about [public] security or fear, they spread it around. But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it. And if not for the favor of Allāh upon you and His mercy, you would have followed Satan, except for a few.

  1. ۞ لَّئِن لَّمۡ يَنتَهِ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقُونَ وَٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ وَٱلۡمُرۡجِفُونَ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ لَنُغۡرِيَنَّكَ بِهِمۡ ثُمَّ لَا يُجَاوِرُونَكَ فِيهَآ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا ٦٠

    Laʾil lam yantahil-munāfiqūna wal-ladhīna fī qulūbihim maraḍuw wal-murjifūna fil-madīnati lanughriyannaka bihim thumma lā yujāwirūnaka fīhā illā qalīlā.

    If the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is disease1 and those who spread rumors in al-Madīnah do not cease, We will surely incite you against them; then they will not remain your neighbors therein except for a little,

    Footnotes (1)
    1. Referring here to those who commit adultery or fornication.

Lessons from the slander (ifk)

  1. إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ جَآءُو بِٱلۡإِفۡكِ عُصۡبَةٞ مِّنكُمۡۚ لَا تَحۡسَبُوهُ شَرّٗا لَّكُمۖ بَلۡ هُوَ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۚ لِكُلِّ ٱمۡرِيٕٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّا ٱكۡتَسَبَ مِنَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِۚ وَٱلَّذِي تَوَلَّىٰ كِبۡرَهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡ لَهُۥ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ١١

    Innal-ladhīna jāʾū bil-ifki ʿuṣbatum minkum, lā taḥsabūhu sharral lakum, bal huwa khayrul lakum, likullimriʾim minhum maktasaba minal-ithm, wal-ladhī tawallā kibrahū minhum lahū ʿadhābun ʿaẓīm.

    Indeed, those who came with falsehood1 are a group among you. Do not think it bad for you; rather, it is good for you. For every person among them is what [punishment] he has earned from the sin, and he who took upon himself the greater portion thereof2 - for him is a great punishment [i.e., Hellfire].

    Footnotes (2)
    1. Referring to the incident when the Prophet's wife ʿĀ’ishah was falsely accused by the hypocrites.
    2. i.e., ʿAbdullāh bin ʿUbayy, leader of the hypocrites.
  2. لَّوۡلَآ إِذۡ سَمِعۡتُمُوهُ ظَنَّ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتُ بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ خَيۡرٗا وَقَالُواْ هَٰذَآ إِفۡكٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٢

    Lawlā idh samiʿtumūhu ẓannal-muʾminūna wal-muʾminātu biʾanfusihim khayraw wa qālū hādhā ifkum mubīn.

    Why, when you heard it, did not the believing men and believing women think good of themselves [i.e., one another] and say, "This is an obvious falsehood"?

  3. لَّوۡلَا جَآءُو عَلَيۡهِ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَآءَۚ فَإِذۡ لَمۡ يَأۡتُواْ بِٱلشُّهَدَآءِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡكَٰذِبُونَ ١٣

    Lawlā jāʾū ʿalayhi biʾarbaʿati shuhadāʾ, fa idh lam yaʾtū bish-shuhadāʾi fa ulāʾika ʿindallāhi humul-kādhibūn.

    Why did they [who slandered] not produce for it four witnesses? And when they do not produce the witnesses, then it is they, in the sight of Allāh, who are the liars.

  4. وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ لَمَسَّكُمۡ فِي مَآ أَفَضۡتُمۡ فِيهِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٤

    Wa lawlā faḍlullāhi ʿalaykum wa raḥmatuhū fid-dunyā wal-ākhirati lamassakum fī mā afaḍtum fīhi ʿadhābun ʿaẓīm.

    And if it had not been for the favor of Allāh upon you and His mercy in this world and the Hereafter, you would have been touched for that [lie] in which you were involved by a great punishment

  5. إِذۡ تَلَقَّوۡنَهُۥ بِأَلۡسِنَتِكُمۡ وَتَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَاهِكُم مَّا لَيۡسَ لَكُم بِهِۦ عِلۡمٞ وَتَحۡسَبُونَهُۥ هَيِّنٗا وَهُوَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ عَظِيمٞ ١٥

    Idh talaqqawnahū biʾalsinatikum wa taqūlūna biʾafwāhikum mā laysa lakum bihī ʿilmuw wa taḥsabūnahū hayyinaw wa huwa ʿindallāhi ʿaẓīm.

    When you received it with your tongues1 and said with your mouths that of which you had no knowledge and thought it was insignificant while it was, in the sight of Allāh, tremendous.

    Footnotes (1)
    1. Rather than your ears, i.e., not thinking about what you had heard but hastening to repeat it carelessly.
  6. وَلَوۡلَآ إِذۡ سَمِعۡتُمُوهُ قُلۡتُم مَّا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّتَكَلَّمَ بِهَٰذَا سُبۡحَٰنَكَ هَٰذَا بُهۡتَٰنٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٦

    Wa lawlā idh samiʿtumūhu qultum mā yakūnu lanā an natakallama bihādhā subḥānaka hādhā buhtānun ʿaẓīm.

    And why, when you heard it, did you not say, "It is not for us to speak of this. Exalted are You, [O Allāh]; this is a great slander"?

  7. يَعِظُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَن تَعُودُواْ لِمِثۡلِهِۦٓ أَبَدًا إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧

    Yaʿiẓukumullāhu an taʿūdū limithlihī abadan in kuntum muʾminīn.

    Allāh warns you against returning to the likes of this [conduct], ever, if you should be believers.

  1. وَيُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ١٨

    Wa yubayyinullāhu lakumul-āyāt, wallāhu ʿalīmun ḥakīm.

    And Allāh makes clear to you the verses [i.e., His rulings], and Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

  2. إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحِبُّونَ أَن تَشِيعَ ٱلۡفَٰحِشَةُ فِي ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ وَأَنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ١٩

    Innal-ladhīna yuḥibbūna an tashīʿal-fāḥishatu fil-ladhīna āmanū lahum ʿadhābun alīmun fid-dunyā wal-ākhirah, wallāhu yaʿlamu wa antum lā taʿlamūn.

    Indeed, those who like that immorality1 should be spread [or publicized] among those who have believed will have a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter. And Allāh knows2 and you do not know.

    Footnotes (2)
    1. Specifically, unlawful sexual relations.
    2. The hidden aspects of all things: what is beneficial and what is harmful.
  3. وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٢٠

    Wa lawlā faḍlullāhi ʿalaykum wa raḥmatuhū wa annallāha raʾūfur raḥīm.

    And if it had not been for the favor of Allāh upon you and His mercy...1 and because Allāh is Kind and Merciful.

    Footnotes (1)
    1. See footnote to verse 10.

Accusing without proof is forbidden

  1. وَمَن يَكۡسِبۡ خَطِيٓـَٔةً أَوۡ إِثۡمٗا ثُمَّ يَرۡمِ بِهِۦ بَرِيٓـٔٗا فَقَدِ ٱحۡتَمَلَ بُهۡتَٰنٗا وَإِثۡمٗا مُّبِينٗا ١١٢

    Wa may yaksib khaṭīʾatan aw ithman thumma yarmi bihī barīʾan faqadiḥtamala buhtānaw wa ithmam mubīnā.

    But whoever earns an offense or a sin and then blames it on an innocent [person] has taken upon himself a slander and manifest sin.

  1. وَٱلَّذِينَ يَرۡمُونَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ثُمَّ لَمۡ يَأۡتُواْ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَآءَ فَٱجۡلِدُوهُمۡ ثَمَٰنِينَ جَلۡدَةٗ وَلَا تَقۡبَلُواْ لَهُمۡ شَهَٰدَةً أَبَدٗاۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ٤

    Wal-ladhīna yarmūnal-muḥṣanāti thumma lam yaʾtū biʾarbaʿati shuhadāʾa fajlidūhum thamānīna jaldataw wa lā taqbalū lahum shahādatan abadā, wa ulāʾika humul-fāsiqūn.

    And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient,

  1. إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَرۡمُونَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ٱلۡغَٰفِلَٰتِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ لُعِنُواْ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٢٣

    Innal-ladhīna yarmūnal-muḥṣanātil-ghāfilātil-muʾmināti luʿinū fid-dunyā wal-ākhirati wa lahum ʿadhābun ʿaẓīm.

    Indeed, those who [falsely] accuse chaste, unaware and believing women are cursed in this world and the Hereafter; and they will have a great punishment

  1. وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡذُونَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ بِغَيۡرِ مَا ٱكۡتَسَبُواْ فَقَدِ ٱحۡتَمَلُواْ بُهۡتَٰنٗا وَإِثۡمٗا مُّبِينٗا ٥٨

    Wal-ladhīna yuʾdhūnal-muʾminīna wal-muʾmināti bighayri maktasabū faqadiḥtamalū buhtānaw wa ithmam mubīnā.

    And those who harm believing men and believing women for [something] other than what they have earned [i.e., deserved] have certainly borne upon themselves a slander and manifest sin.